Interruption point determination

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides a method, computer system and computer program product for determining interruption points based on emotion values in a content. According to the method, emotion values of one or more emotion catalogs at one or more time points of the content to be interrupted can be determined, and one or more interruption points can be determined based on the determined emotion values.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to media processing technology, and morespecifically, to determining interruption points based on emotionvalues.

Nowadays, many different content providers are providing different typesof content viewing services to users. When the contents are viewed bythe users, the contents can be interrupted and another content can beinserted and shown to the users.

However, it is difficult to determine the interruption points for theinsertion. A bad interruption point may cause or increase dislike of theusers to the content providers and/or advertisers. In some cases, thebad interruption points may even cause the users to give up the viewingor to switch to another content provider.

SUMMARY

According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provideda computer-implemented method for determining interruption points basedon emotion values of a content. According to the method, emotion valuesof one or more emotion catalogs at one or more time points of a contentcan be determined, and one or more interruption points can be determinedbased on the determined emotion values.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there isprovided a computer system for determining interruption points based onemotion values of a content. The system comprises one or moreprocessors, a memory coupled to at least one of the one or moreprocessors and a set of computer program instructions stored in thememory and executed by at least one of the one or more processors inorder to perform some actions. The actions comprise: determining emotionvalues of one or more emotion catalogs at one or more time points of acontent; and determining one or more interruption points based on thedetermined emotion values.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there isprovided a computer program product for determining interruption pointsbased on emotion values of a content. The computer program productcomprises a computer readable storage medium having program instructionsembodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a processorto cause the processor to: determine emotion values of one or moreemotion catalogs at one or more time points of a content; and determineone or more interruption points based on the determined emotion values.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Through the more detailed description of some embodiments of the presentdisclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects,features and advantages of the present disclosure will become moreapparent, wherein the same reference generally refers to the samecomponents in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 depicts a cloud computing node according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 depicts a cloud computing environment according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIG. 3 depicts abstraction model layers according to an embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 4 depicts an example content provided to users by a contentprovider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 depicts a block diagram of an example system for determininginterruption points according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 depicts a flowchart of an example method for determininginterruption points according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some preferable embodiments will be described in more detail withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which the preferableembodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated. However,the present disclosure can be implemented in various manners, and thusshould not be construed to be limited to the embodiments disclosedherein.

It is to be understood that although this disclosure includes a detaileddescription on cloud computing, implementation of the teachings recitedherein are not limited to a cloud computing environment. Rather,embodiments of the present invention are capable of being implemented inconjunction with any other type of computing environment now known orlater developed.

Cloud computing is a model of service delivery for enabling convenient,on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computingresources (e.g. networks, network bandwidth, servers, processing,memory, storage, applications, virtual machines, and services) that canbe rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort orinteraction with a provider of the service. This cloud model may includeat least five characteristics, at least three service models, and atleast four deployment models.

Characteristics are as follows:

On-demand self-service: a cloud consumer can unilaterally provisioncomputing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, asneeded automatically without requiring human interaction with theservice's provider.

Broad network access: capabilities are available over a network andaccessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneousthin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs).

Resource pooling: the provider's computing resources are pooled to servemultiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physicaland virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according todemand. There is a sense of location independence in that the consumergenerally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of theprovided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher levelof abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter).

Rapid elasticity: capabilities can be rapidly and elasticallyprovisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out andrapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilitiesavailable for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can bepurchased in any quantity at any time.

Measured service: cloud systems automatically control and optimizeresource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level ofabstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage,processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can bemonitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both theprovider and consumer of the utilized service.

Service Models are as follows:

Software as a Service (SaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto use the provider's applications running on a cloud infrastructure.The applications are accessible from various client devices through athin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based e-mail).The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloudinfrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage,or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exceptionof limited user-specific application configuration settings.

Platform as a Service (PaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquiredapplications created using programming languages and tools supported bythe provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure including networks, servers, operating systems, orstorage, but has control over the deployed applications and possiblyapplication hosting environment configurations.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): the capability provided to theconsumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and otherfundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy andrun arbitrary software, which can include operating systems andapplications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage,deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networkingcomponents (e.g., host firewalls).

Deployment Models are as follows:

Private cloud: the cloud infrastructure is operated solely for anorganization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party andmay exist on-premises or off-premises.

Community cloud: the cloud infrastructure is shared by severalorganizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns(e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and complianceconsiderations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third partyand may exist on-premises or off-premises.

Public cloud: the cloud infrastructure is made available to the generalpublic or a large industry group and is owned by an organization sellingcloud services.

Hybrid cloud: the cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or moreclouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities butare bound together by standardized or proprietary technology thatenables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting forload-balancing between clouds).

A cloud computing environment is service oriented with a focus onstatelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability.At the heart of cloud computing is an infrastructure that includes anetwork of interconnected nodes.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a schematic of an example of a cloud computingnode is shown. Cloud computing node 10 is only one example of a suitablecloud computing node and is not intended to suggest any limitation as tothe scope of use or functionality of embodiments of the inventiondescribed herein. Regardless, cloud computing node 10 is capable ofbeing implemented and/or performing any of the functionality set forthhereinabove.

In cloud computing node 10 there is a computer system/server 12 or aportable electronic device such as a communication device, which isoperational with numerous other general purpose or special purposecomputing system environments or configurations. Examples of well-knowncomputing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may besuitable for use with computer system/server 12 include, but are notlimited to, personal computer systems, server computer systems, thinclients, thick clients, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessorsystems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmableconsumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputer systems, mainframecomputer systems, and distributed cloud computing environments thatinclude any of the above systems or devices, and the like.

Computer system/server 12 may be described in the general context ofcomputer system-executable instructions, such as program modules, beingexecuted by a computer system. Generally, program modules may includeroutines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, and soon that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract datatypes. Computer system/server 12 may be practiced in distributed cloudcomputing environments where tasks are performed by remote processingdevices that are linked through a communications network. In adistributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be locatedin both local and remote computer system storage media including memorystorage devices.

As shown in FIG. 1, computer system/server 12 in cloud computing node 10is shown in the form of a general-purpose computing device. Thecomponents of computer system/server 12 may include, but are not limitedto, one or more processors or processing units 16, a system memory 28,and a bus 18 that couples various system components including systemmemory 28 to processor 16.

Bus 18 represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures,including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, anaccelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of avariety of bus architectures. By way of example, and not limitation,such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus,Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, VideoElectronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and PeripheralComponent Interconnect (PCI) bus.

Computer system/server 12 typically includes a variety of computersystem readable media. Such media may be any available media that isaccessible by computer system/server 12, and it includes both volatileand non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

System memory 28 can include computer system readable media in the formof volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and/or cachememory 32. Computer system/server 12 may further include otherremovable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer system storagemedia. By way of example only, storage system 34 can be provided forreading from and writing to a non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media(not shown and typically called a “hard drive”). Although not shown, amagnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable,non-volatile magnetic disk (e.g., a “floppy disk”), and an optical diskdrive for reading from or writing to a removable, non-volatile opticaldisk such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media can be provided.In such instances, each can be connected to bus 18 by one or more datamedia interfaces. As will be further depicted and described below,memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g.,at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out thefunctions of embodiments of the invention.

Program/utility 40, having a set (at least one) of program modules 42,may be stored in memory 28 by way of example, and not limitation, aswell as an operating system, one or more application programs, otherprogram modules, and program data. Each of the operating system, one ormore application programs, other program modules, and program data orsome combination thereof, may include an implementation of a networkingenvironment. Program modules 42 generally carry out the functions and/ormethodologies of embodiments of the invention as described herein.

Computer system/server 12 may also communicate with one or more externaldevices 14 such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a display 24, etc.;one or more devices that enable a user to interact with computersystem/server 12; and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.)that enable computer system/server 12 to communicate with one or moreother computing devices. Such communication can occur via Input/Output(I/O) interfaces 22. Still yet, computer system/server 12 cancommunicate with one or more networks such as a local area network(LAN), a general wide area network (WAN), and/or a public network (e.g.,the Internet) via network adapter 20. As depicted, network adapter 20communicates with the other components of computer system/server 12 viabus 18. It should be understood that although not shown, other hardwareand/or software components could be used in conjunction with computersystem/server 12. Examples, include, but are not limited to: microcode,device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays,RAID systems, tape drives, and data archival storage systems, etc.

Referring now to FIG. 2, illustrative cloud computing environment 50 isdepicted. As shown, cloud computing environment 50 includes one or morecloud computing nodes 10 with which local computing devices used bycloud consumers, such as, for example, personal digital assistant (PDA)or cellular telephone 54A, desktop computer 54B, laptop computer 54C,and/or automobile computer system 54N may communicate. Nodes 10 maycommunicate with one another. They may be grouped (not shown) physicallyor virtually, in one or more networks, such as Private, Community,Public, or Hybrid clouds as described hereinabove, or a combinationthereof. This allows cloud computing environment 50 to offerinfrastructure, platforms and/or software as services for which a cloudconsumer does not need to maintain resources on a local computingdevice. It is understood that the types of computing devices 54A-N shownin FIG. 2 are intended to be illustrative only and that computing nodes10 and cloud computing environment 50 can communicate with any type ofcomputerized device over any type of network and/or network addressableconnection (e.g., using a web browser).

Referring now to FIG. 3, a set of functional abstraction layers providedby cloud computing environment 50 (FIG. 2) is shown. It should beunderstood in advance that the components, layers, and functions shownin FIG. 3 are intended to be illustrative only and embodiments of theinvention are not limited thereto. As depicted, the following layers andcorresponding functions are provided:

Hardware and software layer 60 includes hardware and softwarecomponents. Examples of hardware components include: mainframes 61; RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer) architecture based servers 62;servers 63; blade servers 64; storage devices 65; and networks andnetworking components 66. In some embodiments, software componentsinclude network application server software 67 and database software 68.

Virtualization layer 70 provides an abstraction layer from which thefollowing examples of virtual entities may be provided: virtual servers71; virtual storage 72; virtual networks 73, including virtual privatenetworks; virtual applications and operating systems 74; and virtualclients 75.

In one example, management layer 80 may provide the functions describedbelow. Resource provisioning 81 provides dynamic procurement ofcomputing resources and other resources that are utilized to performtasks within the cloud computing environment. Metering and Pricing 82provide cost tracking as resources are utilized within the cloudcomputing environment, and billing or invoicing for consumption of theseresources. In one example, these resources may include applicationsoftware licenses. Security provides identity verification for cloudconsumers and tasks, as well as protection for data and other resources.User portal 83 provides access to the cloud computing environment forconsumers and system administrators. Service level management 84provides cloud computing resource allocation and management such thatrequired service levels are met. Service Level Agreement (SLA) planningand fulfillment 85 provide pre-arrangement for, and procurement of,cloud computing resources for which a future requirement is anticipatedin accordance with an SLA.

Workloads layer 90 provides examples of functionality for which thecloud computing environment may be utilized. Examples of workloads andfunctions which may be provided from this layer include: mapping andnavigation 91; software development and lifecycle management 92; virtualclassroom education delivery 93; data analytics processing 94;transaction processing 95; and interruption point determination 96.

Nowadays, many different content providers are providing different typesof content viewing service to users. The content providers can be videowebsites, live streaming platforms, video sharing platforms, video ondemand platforms, television stations, and radio stations, etc. Thecontents provided to users can be video contents, audio contents, streammedia, movies, television programs, TV plays, cartoons, and live shows,etc. When the contents are viewed by the users, the contents can beinterrupted and another content can be inserted and shown to the usersat interruption points. For example, if a user selects a video on avideo website, the video can be shown to the user. When the video isviewed by the user, the video can be interrupted at interruption points,and an advertisement can be inserted and shown to the user.

According to embodiments of the present invention, another contentinserted at the interruption points can be an advertisement, a music, aninteraction for the users, questionnaire to the users, etc. In someembodiments of the present invention, advertisements may be used asexample inserted contents. However, it shall be understood that anyother type of content now known or to be developed can be inserted atthe interruption points.

To solve the problem of determining interruption points, embodiments ofthe present invention provide a method, a computer system and a computerprogram product for determining interruption points for a content basedon emotion values of a content. According to embodiments of theinvention, the emotion values can be number values, or any other typesof measurements. For example, the emotion values can be indicators,which can be used to represent degrees of the emotions, such as high,medium, or low, etc.

Interruption points can be pre-defined. For example, some contentproviders may decide to insert an advertisement when a user begins toview a content or at pre-defined static time points during the contentbeing viewed by the user. However, these pre-defined static time pointsmay not be good, as they are not set based on emotion impulses to thecontent being viewed by the users.

With reference now to FIG. 4, an exemplary content 400 provided to usersby a content provider is shown. In an example, the content can be avideo. However, it shall be understood that the content can be any typeof content now known or to be developed. The content 400 can compriseslides, voices, audios, background music, captions, etc. The content 400may also comprise or correspond to a timeline, which can be used toindicate the play progress of the content 400. Multiple time points canbe determined on the timeline, such as time points 401, 402, 403, and404, etc. The time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can be any time on thetimeline for the content 400. The intervals between the time points 401,402, 403, and 404 can be any length needed. In an example, the timepoint 401 is “00:30:00”, which is 30th minute after the start time pointof the content; the time point 402 is “00:45:00”, which is 45th minuteafter the start time point of the content; the time point 403 is“01:00:00”, which is 1st hour after the start time point of the content;and the time point 404 is “01:15:00”, which is 1st hour and 15th minuteafter the start time point of the content. According to embodiments ofthe present invention, the time points can be determined or defined bythe content providers or advertisers before or during the content 400being provided to the users. For example, the content providers oradvertisers can set or select time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 fromthe timeline for the content 400.

According to embodiments of the invention, emotion values of one or moreemotion catalogs at the time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can bedetermined. For example, emotion values can be used to representmeasurements or degrees of one or more emotion catalogs at a specifictime point of the content. One or more of the time points 401, 402, 403,and 404 can be set or selected as interruption point based on thedetermined emotion values. For example, if the emotion values at thetime point 402 meets the requirement of a predefined criterion, the timepoint 402 can be set or selected as an interruption point.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the emotion valuescan be values of different emotion catalogs. For example, the emotioncatalogs can comprise one or more of joy, anger, disgust, fear, andsadness, etc. In an example, the emotion catalogs comprise five catalogsincluding anger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness. It is to be understoodthat any other emotion catalogs now known or to be developed can also beapplied.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the emotion values attime points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can be determined using emotionrecognition technologies. The emotion recognition technologies cancomprise text emotion analysis technology, soundtrack emotion analysistechnology, facial expression emotion analysis technology, etc. In anexample, natural language processing system can also be used to obtainemotion values. It is to be understood that any other emotionrecognition technology now known or to be developed can also be applied.Many existing emotion cognition systems can be applied to determineemotion values.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the content 400 canbe analyzed to determine emotion influential sources, which include oneor more of the following: captions, facial expressions ofactors/actress, background music volumes, background music tones, voicevolumes, and voice tones at the time points. It is to be understood thatthe content can comprise any other type of emotion influential sourcesnow known or to be developed.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the emotioninfluential sources can be selected to determine the emotion values. Forexample, voice volumes at the time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can bedetermined, and then emotion values can be determined based on the voicevolumes. If the voice volumes are larger than a preset threshold, theemotion values of anger or joy can be set larger than 0.5 or “high”. Inanother example, the voice volumes can also be used as emotion values ofanger or joy. In another example, facial expressions of actors/actressat the time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can be recognized using facialexpressions recognition technology, and then emotion values can bedetermined based on the facial expressions. In an example, captions atthe time points 401, 402, 403, and 404 can be determined. Emotion valuescan be determined based on the captions using natural languageprocessing technologies.

According to embodiments of the present invention, one or more types ofthe emotion influential sources can be selected based on the type of thecontent 400 to determine the emotion values. The type of the content 400can be recognized by the category defined by the author of the content400 or the keywords appeared in the description of the content 400.Other cognition technologies can also be used to determine the type ofthe content 400. For example, if the content 400 is detected to be aspeech type video, both voice tones and voice volumes can be selected todetermine the emotion values. In another example, if the content 400 isdetected to be a musical concert video, both background music volume andbackground music tone can be selected to obtain the emotion values.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the emotioninfluential sources can be assigned priorities and/or weight accordingto the type of the content 400. For example, if the content 400 isdetected to be a speech-type video, both voice tones and voice volumescan be analyzed with higher priority or weight to determine the emotionvalues. The emotion values can be determined only based on both thevoice tones and the voice volumes. In another example, if the content400 is detected to be a musical concert video, both background musicvolume and background music tone can be analyzed with higher priority orweight to determine the emotion values. In some examples, the video typecan be recognized and then one or more emotion sources can be selectedand/or assigned with different priorities or weights to be used in theemotion values determination based on the video type.

According to embodiments of the present invention, content sections,such as 405, 406, 407 and 408 of preset time lengths before the timepoints 401, 402, 403, and 404 can be obtained. The time lengths can beset by the content providers, advertisers, or the users. For example,the time point 401 can be 30th minute in the timeline (00:30:00) of thecontent, a preset time length can be 1 minute, and the content section405 is a content section between 29th (00:29:00) and 30th minute(00:30:00) on the timeline. In another example, the time point 402 canbe 1st hour in the timeline (01:00:00) of the content, a preset timelength can be 2 minutes, and the content section 106 is a contentsection between 58th minute (00:58:00) and 1st hour (01:00:00) on thetimeline. The emotion influential sources, such as captions, facialexpressions of actors/actress, background music volume, background musictone, voice volume, and voice tone, of each section 405, 406, 407 and408 can be analyzed to determine emotion values at the time points 401,402, 403, and 404. For example, captions of section 405 can bedetermined. Emotion values at time point 401 can be determined based onthe captions of section 405.

The emotion values can be normalized to be values between 0 and 1. Table1 shows an example of normalized emotion values determined at multipletime points 401, 402, 403, and 404. In Table 1, the emotion values atthe time point 401 “00:30:00” are “Anger 0.87; Disgust 0.17; Fear 0.09;Joy 0.00; Sadness 0.13”; the emotion values at the time point 402“00:45:00” are “Anger 0.58; Disgust 0.47; Fear 0.55; Joy 0.64; Sadness0.19”; the emotion values at the time point 403 “01:00:00” are “Anger0.38; Disgust 0.26; Fear 0.09; Joy 0.10; Sadness 0.36”; and the emotionvalues at the time point 404 “01:15:00” are “Anger 0.32; Disgust 0.06;Fear 0.61; Joy 0.08; Sadness 0.08”. As a further example, a normalizedemotion value of an emotion catalog may be used to represent theoccurrence possibility of the corresponding emotion in the content. Forexample, if the emotion value of “Anger” is 0.87, that means at the timepoint “00:30:00”, the emotion “Anger” is very likely (87% probability)to occur in the content.

TABLE 1 Emotion Values at Multiple Time Points Time Point Anger DisgustFear Joy Sadness Time Point 401 0.87 0.17 0.09 0.00 0.13 Time Point 4020.58 0.47 0.55 0.64 0.19 Time Point 403 0.38 0.26 0.09 0.10 0.36 TimePoint 404 0.32 0.06 0.61 0.08 0.08

According to embodiments of the present invention, interruption pointscan be determined based on the emotion values.

The criteria can be predetermined by the content providers, the users,the advertisers, or any other parties. The criteria can also begenerated based on the emotion values determined by analyzing thecontent 400. The criteria can also be predetermined by analyzing thebehaviors of the users. For example, the users can report theirpreferred emotion value ranges, so time points with emotion values inthe preferred emotion value ranges can be set as interruption points.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the criteria cancomprise a requirement for the emotion values.

In some embodiments, the time point with the lowest or highest emotionvalues of one or more emotion catalogs can be set as an interruptionpoint. In this example, the criteria can be “Joy of the Viewed Content:Lowest”, which means the time point with the lowest emotion value ofcatalog “Joy” can be set as an interruption point.

In other embodiments, the criteria can comprise one or more emotionvalue ranges. If a value of a time point meets a predetermined emotionvalue range, the time point can be set as an interruption point.

For example, a criterion can be “Joy of the Viewed Content: lower than0.5”, which means if the emotion value of catalog “Joy” of the viewedcontent at a time point is lower than 0.5, the corresponding time pointcan be selected as an interruption point. In another example, anothercriterion can be “Anger of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.5; Joy ofthe Viewed Content: lower than 0.5”, which means if the emotion valuesof catalog “Anger” and “Joy” of the viewed content at a time point areboth lower than 0.5, the corresponding time point can be selected as aninterruption point for insertion. In this example, time point 403 and404 can be selected as interruption points. In a further example,another criterion can be “Anger of the Viewed Content: Low; Joy of theViewed Content: Low”, which means if the emotion values of catalog“Anger” and “Joy” of the viewed content at a time point are both “Low”,the corresponding time point can be selected as an interruption point.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the criteria may alsocomprise a number of times for insertion, and/or an insertion period.

For example, the number of times for insertion can be used indetermining the interruption points. In an example, the contentproviders, advertisers, or users can set a preset number as the timesfor insertion. The number of times can be determined based on the lengthof the content 400. For example, the number of times can be 1 if thecontent 400 is shorter than 1 hour, or 2 if the content 400 is longerthan 1 hour and shorter than 2 hours, etc. In an example, thepredetermined criterion comprising an emotion value range and a numberof times for insertion can be “Joy of the Viewed Content: lower than0.5; Number of Times: 1”. Based on the criterion, a time point with theemotion value complying with the emotion value range (Joy: lower than0.5) can be selected as an interruption point. The selected time pointcan be the time point with the lowest emotion values complying with theemotion value range.

In another example, the criterion can be “Anger of the Viewed Content:lower than 0.5; Joy of Viewed Content: lower than 0.5; Number of Times:2”. According to this criterion, two time points with emotion valuescomplying with the emotion value range (Anger: lower than 0.5; Joy:lower than 0.5) can be selected as an interruption point. In a furtherexample, the selected two time points can be the ones with the lowestand the second lowest emotion values complying with the emotion valuerange.

According to embodiments of the present invention, one or more insertionperiods can also be used in the determining interruption points. Forexample, the content providers, advertisers or users can set aninsertion time period. In an example, the insertion period can be from30th minute to 1st hour, which means the inserted content should beinserted between 30th minute and 1st hour at the timeline of thecontent. In this example, the criterion can be “Anger of the ViewedContent: lower than 0.5; Joy of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.5; TimePeriods: 00:30:00 to 01:00:00. Based on the criterion, a time point withthe emotion value complying with the emotion value range (Anger: lowerthan 0.5; Joy: lower than 0.5) between 30th minute and 1st hour can beselected as an interruption point. It shall be understood that anyperiod can be set as the insertion period in the criterion.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the criteria may alsocomprise a requirement for emotion value, an insertion period, and anumber of times for insertion in the insertion period. For example, acriterion can be “Anger of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.5; Joy ofthe Viewed Content: lower than 0.5; Time Period 1: 00:30:00 to 01:00:00;Number of Times for Time Period 1: 1”. According to this criterion, atime point with an emotion value complying the emotion value range(Anger: lower than 0.5; Joy: lower than 0.5) during the time period 1(00:30:00 to 01:00:00) can be selected as an interruption point.

According to embodiments of the present invention, one or moreinterruption points can be determined and the content provider oradvertisers can choose one or more of the multiple interruption pointsfor inserting another content, such as an advertisement.

According to embodiments of the present invention, lengths and/or types(emotion type or content type) of the contents to be inserted at theinterruption points can also be determined. In an example, length and/ortype (emotion type or content type) of an inserted content can bedetermined based on the emotion values and/or emotion catalogs of theviewed content at the interruption point (the time point being set as aninterruption point). Other methods can also be used to determine thelength and/or type of the inserted content.

In an example, the emotion type of the content to be inserted can be theemotion catalog of which the emotion value is the largest. For example,if the emotion values of the inserted content are “Anger 0.28; Disgust0.27; Fear 0.15; Joy 0.64; Sadness 0.19”, the emotion type of theinserted content can be defined as “Joy”. The content type of theinserted content defines classification to the inserted content. In anexample, the content type of the inserted content can comprise:advertisement, music, interaction for the users, questionnaire to theusers, etc. In a further example, an inserted content (advertisement)can be classified based on the type of promoted commodity of theinserted content, such as “car”, “food”, “cloth”, etc. The content typeof the inserted content can be defined according to the type of promotedcommodity.

In an example, one or more length and/or type determination conditionscan also be predefined to determine the lengths and/or types of thecontents to be inserted. The length and/or type determination conditionscan comprise a mapping of length and/or type of the content to beinserted and emotion values and/or emotion types of the viewed contentat the interruption point.

For example, a length and/or type determination condition can be “Lengthof the Inserted Content: 1 minute; Joy of the viewed content: lower than0.3”, which means if the emotion value of catalog “Joy” of the viewedcontent at the interruption point is lower than 0.3, the correspondinglength of inserted content can be 1 minute. In another example, a presetcondition can be “Emotion Type of the Inserted Content: Joy; Joy of theviewed content: larger than 0.3”, which means if the emotion value ofcatalog “Joy” of the viewed content at the interruption point is largerthan 0.3, the corresponding emotion type of the inserted content can be“Joy”.

In another example, another length and/or type determination conditioncan be “Emotion Type of the Inserted Content: Joy; Length of theInserted Content: 1 minute; Joy of the viewed content: larger than 0.5”,which means if the emotion value of catalog “Joy” of the viewed contentat the interruption point is larger than 0.5, an inserted content being1 minute long and with an emotion type as “Joy” can be inserted at theinterruption point. Another example length and/or type determinationcondition can be “Emotion Type of the Inserted Content: Joy; Length ofthe Inserted Content: 15 seconds; Sadness of the Viewed Content: lowerthan 0.3”, which means if the emotion value of catalog “Sadness” of theviewed content at the interruption point is smaller than 0.3, aninserted content being 15 seconds long and with an emotion type as “Joy”can be inserted at the interruption point.

In a further example, the length and/or type determination condition canbe “Emotion Type of the Inserted Content: Joy; Content Type of theInserted Content: Food; Length of the Inserted Content: 1 minute; Joy ofthe viewed content: larger than 0.5”, which means if the emotion valueof catalog “Joy” of the viewed content at the interruption point islarger than 0.5, an inserted content being 1 minute long and with anemotion type as “Joy” and a content type “food” can be inserted at theinterruption point.

The present invention does not limit the criteria and/or conditions inthe scope of the above-mentioned examples, it shall be understood thatother type or format of criterion and/or conditions can be applied ifneeded. These criteria and/or conditions can be updated based onbusiness/marketing decision of content providers or advertisers. Thesecriteria and/or conditions can also be updated based on feedback ofusers. The content providers, advertisers, or users can also configurethe criteria and/or conditions based on the emotion values.

According to embodiments of the present invention, feedbacks from userscan be collected and used for adjusting the criteria for interruptionpoint determination and/or the criteria for length determination. Forexample, options, such as “like”, “no concern” and “dislike”, can beshown on a user interface in parallel with the inserted content. Theuser can select one of the options according to his/her feeling to theinserted content. The ratio of “no concern” or “dislike” for theinserted content can be calculated according to the number of receivedselection times of “dislike” from users. For example, if an insertedcontent has been shown to 1,000 people, and 500 people have selected“dislike”, the ratio of “dislike” for the inserted content can be 50%.If the number of received selection times of “dislike” or the ratio of“dislike” is higher than a threshold predefined, such as 500 times or50%, the interruption points corresponding to the options can becanceled and the criteria for interruption point determination can alsobe updated. In an example, the criteria “Joy of the Viewed Content:lower than 0.3” or “Anger of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.3; Joy ofthe Viewed Content: lower than 0.3” can be updated to “Joy of the ViewedContent: lower than 0.2” or “Anger of the Viewed Content: lower than0.2; Joy of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.2”. Then, interruptionpoints can be determined according to the updated criteria.

In another example, if the number of received selection times of“dislike” or the ratio of “dislike” is higher than a predefinedthreshold, the length of the inserted content can be decreased. Forexample, the criterion for length determination “Length of the InsertedContent: 1 minute; Joy of the Viewed Content: lower than 0.3” can beupdated to “Length of the Inserted Content: 45 seconds; Joy of theViewed Content: lower than 0.3”.

In another example, if the number of received selection times of“dislike” or the ratio of “dislike” is higher than a predefinedthreshold, the type (emotion type or content type) of the insertedcontent can be updated.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, the content 400can be a streamed video. The processing for the streamed video issimilar to the processing for a pre-recorded video.

FIG. 5 depicts a block diagram of an example system 500 for determininginterruption points according to embodiments of the present invention.The system 500 can be implemented as or comprised in a computer systemat the user side, or a server at the content provider side, or any otherdevice suitable to implement the methods of the present invention. Thesystem 500 comprises emotion value determination module 501, andinterruption point determination module 502. Emotion value determinationmodule 501 can be configured to determine emotion values of one or moreemotion catalogs at multiple time points for a content. Interruptionpoint determination module 502 can be configured to determineinterruption points based on the emotion values. It shall be understoodthat the system 500 is only for illustration. Modules 501 and 502 can bedivided to multiple modules or combined to be one or more modules. Othermodules for implementing one or more steps of the processing accordingto embodiments of the present invention can also be added or associatedto modules 501 and 502.

FIG. 6 depicts a flowchart of an example method 600 for determininginterruption points according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure,the method 600 can be implemented by a computer device, a server, or anyother type of computing device. The method 600 can be implemented fordetermining interruption points based on emotion values of a contentviewed by a user.

At step 601, emotion values of one or more emotion catalogs at one ormore time points of the content can be determined. At step 602, one ormore interruption points can be determined based on the determinedemotion values.

According to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided acomputer system for determining interruption points based on emotionvalues in the content. The system comprises one or more processors, amemory coupled to at least one of the one or more processors and a setof computer program instructions stored in the memory and executed by atleast one of the one or more processors to perform some actionsdescribed in the above methods.

According to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided acomputer program product for determining interruption points based onemotion values in the content. The computer program product comprises acomputer readable storage medium having program instructions embodiedtherewith, the program instructions executable by a processor to causethe processor to perform some actions described in the above methods.

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product at any possible technical detail level of integration.The computer program product may include a computer readable storagemedium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereonfor causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, configuration data for integrated circuitry, oreither source code or object code written in any combination of one ormore programming languages, including an object oriented programminglanguage such as Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and procedural programminglanguages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programminglanguages. The computer readable program instructions may executeentirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as astand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partlyon a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. Inthe latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user'scomputer through any type of network, including a local area network(LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to anexternal computer (for example, through the Internet using an InternetService Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including,for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gatearrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute thecomputer readable program instructions by utilizing state information ofthe computer readable program instructions to personalize the electroniccircuitry, in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of theorder noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intendedto be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the describedembodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain theprinciples of the embodiments, the practical application or technicalimprovement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enableothers of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodimentsdisclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:determining emotion values of one or more emotion catalogs at one ormore time points of a content, wherein determining the emotion values ofthe one or more emotion catalogs comprises; determining emotioninfluential sources at the one or more time points of the content,wherein the emotion influential sources comprise captions, backgroundmusic tones, and voice tones; determining the emotion values of the oneor more emotion catalogs at the one or more time points by analyzing thedetermined emotion influential sources; and determining one or moreinterruption points based on the determined emotion values, whereinmusic, an interaction for a user, or a questionnaire to the user isinserted at the one or more interruption points.
 3. The method accordingto claim 1, wherein determining the one or more interruption pointscomprises: in response to a first emotion value at a first time pointmeeting a predetermined criterion, setting the first time point as aninterruption point.
 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein thepredetermined criterion is modified based on at least one feedback fromat least one user.
 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein thepredetermined criterion comprises a requirement for the emotion values.6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined criterionfurther comprises an insertion period and a number of times forinsertion.
 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:determining a length and a type of another content inserted at the oneor more interruption points.
 8. The method according to claim 1, whereinthe one or more emotion catalogs are selected from a group consisting ofanger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness.
 10. The method according toclaim 1, wherein the emotion influential sources are assigned withpriorities or weight according to a content type.
 11. A computer system,comprising: one or more processors, one or more computer-readablememories, one or more computer-readable non-transitory tangible storagemedia, and program instructions stored on at least one of the one ormore tangible storage media for execution by at least one of the one ormore processors via at least one of the one or more memories, whereinthe computer system is capable of performing a method comprising:determining emotion values of one or more emotion catalogs at one ormore time points of a content, wherein determining the emotion values ofthe one or more emotion catalogs comprises; determining emotioninfluential sources at the one or more time points of the content,wherein the emotion influential sources comprise captions, backgroundmusic tones, and voice tones; determining the emotion values of the oneor more emotion catalogs at the one or more time points by analyzing thedetermined emotion influential sources; and determining one or moreinterruption points based on the determined emotion values, whereinmusic, an interaction for a user, or a questionnaire to the user isinserted at the one or more interruption points.
 13. The computer systemaccording to claim 11, wherein determining the one or more interruptionpoints comprises: in response to a first emotion value at a first timepoint meeting a predetermined criterion, setting the first time point asan interruption point.
 14. The computer system according to claim 13,wherein the predetermined criterion is modified based on at least onefeedback from at least one user.
 15. The computer system according toclaim 13, wherein the predetermined criterion comprises a requirementfor the emotion values.
 16. The computer system according to claim 15,wherein the predetermined criterion further comprises an insertionperiod and a number of times for insertion.
 17. The computer systemaccording to claim 11, further comprising: determining a length and atype of another content inserted at the one or more interruption point.18. A computer program product, comprising: one or morecomputer-readable non-transitory tangible storage media and programinstructions stored on at least one of the one or more tangible storagemedia, the program instructions executable by a processor of a computerto perform a method, the method comprising: determining emotion valuesof one or more emotion catalogs at one or more time points of a content,wherein determining the emotion values of the one or more emotioncatalogs comprises; determining emotion influential sources at the oneor more time points of the content, wherein the emotion influentialsources comprise captions, background music tones, and voice tones;determining the emotion values of the one or more emotion catalogs atthe one or more time points by analyzing the determined emotioninfluential sources; and determining one or more interruption pointsbased on the determined emotion values, wherein music, an interactionfor a user, or a questionnaire to the user is inserted at the one ormore interruption points.
 20. The computer program product according toclaim 18, wherein determining the one or more interruption pointscomprises: in response to a first emotion value at a first time pointmeeting a predetermined criterion, setting the first time point as aninterruption point.